Rome+Ancient+History+Sourcebook

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook09.html I__nformation from this Fordam's internet Ancient History Sourcebook site:__ [|General]
 * **[|Rome: Major Historians: Complete Texts]**
 * **[|Etruscans]**
 * **[|Roman Foundations]**
 * **[|The Growth of Republican Institutions]**
 * **[|The War with Carthage]**
 * **[|Imperial Expansion under the Republic]**
 * **[|Civil Wars and Revolution]**
 * Cicero (105-43 BCE)
 * **[|The Principate to 192 CE]**
 * Augustus
 * The Julio-Claudian Dynasty 14-68 CE
 * 69 CE: Year of Three Emperors
 * The Flavian Emperors 69-96 CE
 * The Adoptive Emperors 96-192 CE
 * **[|Roman Law]**
 * **[|The Army]**
 * **[|The Empire and Provinces]**
 * Rome: As Imperial Capital
 * The Empire as a Unity
 * Africa
 * Egypt
 * Syria/Judea
 * Asia
 * Asia Minor
 * Europe
 * Britain
 * **[|Later Empire (after 192 CE)]**
 * Elagabulus (r.218-222 CE)
 * **[|Literature]**
 * **[|Art and Architecture]**
 * **[|Education]**
 * **[|Economic Life]**
 * Life of the Upper Classes
 * Trade
 * Counting
 * **[|Slavery]**
 * **[|Everyday Life]**
 * Food
 * Sport and Games
 * Names
 * Language
 * Technology
 * Pompeii
 * **[|Religion]**
 * **[|Gender and Sexuality]**
 * Women
 * Homosexuality
 * [| **Modern Perspectives on Ancient Rome**]

 > A guide to Roman websites which assesses the other "megasites". RomanSites is also especially good at keeping track of changes in URLs. > The best guide to Roman site web projects. WEB [|De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopedia of RomanEmperors] [Website] [|Back to Index]  > Complete surving text online in English translation [At Virginia] >> Includes //Antiquities of the Jews//, //The Jewish War// and //Against Apion// [|Back to Index]  > From Herodotus and Livy. > All 200+ known words!**
 * ** MEGA ** [|RomanSites] [At U. Chicago]
 * ** MEGA ** [|Romarch: Roman Art and Archeology] [At U. of Sydney]
 * <-ng> MEGA [|Classics and Mediterranean Archeology Homepage] [Website]
 * ** MEGA ** [|Electronic Resources for Classicists] [Website]
 * **WEB** [|A Roman Atlas] [At Lacus Curtius/U. Chicago]
 * **2ND** [|Classics FAQ] [At MIT]
 * **2ND** [|Maps and Codices of the Roman Empire] [At Internet Archive, from Demon]
 * [|Chronology of Roman History] [At Internet Archive, from Forum Romanorum]
 * **WEB** [|Forum Romanorum]]
 * Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE)
 * [|Rome at the End of the Punic Wars] [//History//, Book 6] [At this Site]
 * Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE):
 * [|War Commentaries] [At M Univ]
 * [|War Commentaries] [At MIT]
 * Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): //History of Rome//
 * [|Volume I] [Books 1-5], [|Volume II] [Books 6-10],
 * [|Volume III] [Books 21-25], [|Volume IV] [Books 26-32]
 * [|Volume V] [Books 33-39], [|Volume VI] [Books 40-45]
 * Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE)
 * [|Acts of the Divine Augustus] (//Res Gestae Divi Augusti//) [At MIT]
 * [|Res Gestae] [In Latin][At CSUN]
 * Josephus (37- after 93 CE)
 * [|Complete Works] [At CCEL]
 * Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE)
 * [|Lives] [At MIT]
 * Tacitus: (b.56/57-after 117 CE)
 * [|The Life of Gnaeus Julius Agricola] (40-93 CE), [At UNRV History]
 * [|Life of Cnaeus Julius Agricola] (40-93 CE), c.98 CE trans. J. Church and W. J. Brodribb. [At this Site]
 * [|Germania]. trans. J. Church and W. J. Brodribb.[At Medieval Sourcebook]
 * [|Germania], trans. Thomas Gordon, full text, Also available in [|Latin]. [At Medieval Sourcebook]
 * [|Annals] [At MIT]
 * [|Annals] [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]
 * [|Histories] [At MIT]
 * [|Annals and Histories], Full texts [At M Univ]
 * Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE)
 * [|Index to Suetonius, //Lives//] [At this Site][added 10/24/2000]
 * **Rolfe Translation**
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Julius]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Augustus]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Tiberius]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Caius Caligula]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Claudius]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Nero]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Galba]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Otho]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Vitellius]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Vespasian]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Titus]
 * [|De Vita Caesarum: Domitian]
 * Also: [|De Viris Illustris], c. 106-113 C.E.
 * **Worthington Translation**
 * [|Life of Augustus], (63 BCE-14 CE)
 * [|Life of Claudius]
 * [|Reports of the Etruscans], c. 430 BCE - 10 CE [At this Site]
 * ** WEB [|Etruscan Art and Archeology] [At Internet Archive, from Bowdoin] **
 * ** WEB [|Etruscan Dictionary] [At Iolairweb]
 * WEB **[|Etrsucan Art in the Vatican] [At Christusrex]**

> With an [|inscriptions] page.**
 * WEB **VÍTELIÚ: The Languages of Ancient Italy [Website]

[|Back to Index] 
 * WEB **[|Etruscan Women] [At Diotima]**
 * **Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): [|Selections from Books 1 and 2] [At Saskatchewan]**


 * **Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): [|The Roman Way of Declaring War], c. 650 BCE, from //History of Rome// I.34 [At this Site]**


 * **Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): [|The Rape of Lucretia], from //History of Rome//. [At this Site]**

> Complete surving text online in English translation [At Virginia]**
 * **Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): //History of Rome//
 * **[|Volume I] [Books 1-5], [|Volume II] [Books 6-10],**


 * **[|Volume III] [Books 21-25], [|Volume IV] [Books 26-32]**

> [|Back to Index] 
 * **[|Volume V] [Books 33-39], [|Volume VI] [Books 40-45]**
 * **[|The Twelve Tables] 451/450 BCE selections, [At CSUN] and in [|Latin] [At Bibliotheca Augustana]**


 * **[|The Twelve Tables] 451/450 BCE selections, [At this Site]**

> Book 6: 11, 14-20, 27, 31-32, 34-36, 39; Book 7: 19, 21-22, 27, 29, 38, 42.**
 * **Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): [|Selections from Books 6 and 7] [At Internet Archive, from Princeton]

> Includes an extended comparison of Rome and Carthage.**
 * **Polybius (c.200-after 185 BCE): [|Rome at the End of the Punic Wars] [//History//, Book 6] [At this Site] (Public Domain unlike next selection, which is a more recent version.)


 * **Polybius (c.200-after 185 BCE) Book 6.11-18: [|The Constitution of the Roman Republic] [At Saskatchewan]**


 * Chart: **[|Roman Government: Checks and Balances] [From Polybius, //Histories//, 6]**

> Book I, sections 1-6, 14 , 17 , 59 , 63-64; Book VI. 1-42, 53-58; Book X. 2-3; Book XXXI. 22-30**
 * **Polybius (c.200-after 185 BCE): [|Extensive Selections], [At Internet Archive, from Princeton]


 * 2ND **[|The Concepts of //Fides// and //Virtus//] [At CSUN]**

[|Back to Index] 
 * 2ND **[|The Republican Constitution] [Modern Account][At Internet Archive, from Reed]**
 * **Herodotus (c.490-c.425 BCE): [|The Carthaginian Attack on Sicily], 480 BCE [At this Site]**

> The writer of the first surviving biography in Latin.**
 * **Cornelius Nepos (c.99-c.24 BCE): [|Hannibal], from //De Viribus Illustris//, trans. J. Thomas, 1995. [At Iowa State]


 * **Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): [|The Battle of Cannae], 216 BCE, //History//, Book III.107 [At this Site]**


 * **Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): [|The Character of Hannibal], //The Histories//, Book IX, Chapters 22-26 [At this Site]**


 * **Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): [|The Third Punic War], 149-146 BCE, //The Histories//, Book XXXVI-XXXIX [At this Site]**

[|Back to Index] 
 * 2ND **[|The Punic Wars] [Modern account][At Internet Archive, from Reed College]**
 * **[|Chinese Accounts of Rome, Byzantium and the Middle East], c. 91 B.C.E. - 1643 C.E.**


 * **[|Time Line for Foreign Policy to 272 BCE] [At Internet Archive, from Reed]**


 * **Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): [|The Roman Maniple vs. The Macedonian Phalanx], //The Histories//, Book XVIII, Chapters 28-32 [At this Site]**


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Life of Pyrrhus] [At MIT]**


 * **Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): [|The Destruction of Corinth], 146 BCE //The Histories//, Book XXXVIII, Chapters 3-11; Book XXXIX, Chapters 7-17 [At this Site]**


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Life of Cato the Elder] (234-149 BCE)[At MIT]**


 * **[|Mithridates & The Roman Conquests in the East], 90-61 BCE, excerpts from Appian, //Mithridatic Wars//, 114-119, and Plutarch, //Life of Lucullus//. [At this Site]:**


 * **Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): [%3Cbr%3E%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20All%20the%20texts.%3C/li%3E%20%20%20%20%20%20%3Cli%3E%3C%21--%20updated-3/2007%20--%3EJulius%20Caesar%20%28100-44%20BCE%29:%20%3Ca%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20href=|T-allic Wars]] [At MIT]**


 * **Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): [|Caesar and Vercingetorix], 52 BCE [At Internet Archive, from Hillsdale]**


 * **Tacitus: (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|Boudicca] (Annals 14: 29-37) [Athenapu-li>**
 * 2ND **[|The Landings of Caesar in Britain], 55 and 54 BCE [At Athenapub]**

[|Back to Index] 
 * 2ND **[|Rome, Greece and the East to 168 BCE] [Modern Account][At Internet Archive, from Reed]**
 * **Appian {1st Cent CE): [|The Civil Wars (On the Gracchi)] [This Site]**


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Life of Tiberius Gracchus] (c.164-133 BCE) [At MIT]**

> See **2ND**[|Sources on Tiberius Gracchus] [At Internet Archive, from Reed]**
 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Tiberius Gracchus] (c.164-133 BCE) translated by John Dryden, excerpts. [At this Site]


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE) [|Life of Caius Gracchus] (c.121 BCE)[At MIT]**


 * **[|The Gracchi] [Modern Account][At Internet Archive, from Reed]**


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Life of Sulla] (c.138-78BCE)[At MIT]**


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Life of Marius] (157-86 BCE)[At MIT]**
 * **Sallust (prob.86-35 BCE): [|Life in Rome in the Late Republic], . 63 BCE, excerpts from the //Catiline Conspiracy// [At this Site]**


 * **Sallust (prob.86-35 BCE): [|The Cati- Conspiracy], 63 BCE [At Forum Romanorum]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|First Oration Against Catiline<-63 BCE [At Bartleby]]**


 * **[|Lucan (Marcus Annaeus Lucanus) (39-65 CE):][|Pharsalia] (aka "The Civil War") [At OMACL]**


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Life of Pompey] (100-48 BCE)[At MIT]**


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Life of Crassus] (115-53 BCE)[At MIT]**


 * Cicero (105-43 BCE)
 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|Selected Letters]. 36 selected letters. [At this Site]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|On Friendship], or //Laelius//, full text, trans by Evelyn S. Shuckburgh [At this Site]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|On Friendship], or //Laelius//, full text, trans by W. Melmoth [At this Site]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|Old Age], c. 65 BCE (Harvard Classics series)[At this Site]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|On the Laws], excerpts from Books II and III, [At this Site]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|On the Republic], excerpts from Book I, [At this Site]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|On the Republic: Scipio's Dream], excerpts from Book VI, [At this Site]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|The Second Philippic] [At this Site]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|On the Genres of Rhetoric]. excerpts from various texts, [At Towson]**


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Life of Cicero] (98-c.55 BCE)[At MIT]**


 * **Asconius (9 BCE-76 CE): [|On Cicero's //Pro Milone//] [At CSUN]**

>
 * WEB **[|Cicero Homepage] [At Utexas] for texts in Latin**

> Quintus Cicero, //Letter to His Brother Marcus Cicero//, on the problems of running for office.**
 * **[|The Roman Candidate], 64, 54 BCE


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Life of Caesar] (100-44 BCE)[At MIT]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum, Divus Iulius] (The Lives of the Caesars, The Deified Julius), written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation. [At this Site]**


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|The Assassination of Julius Caesar], from //Marcus Brutus//, excerpts, translated by John Dryden. [At this Site]**

[|Back to Index] 
 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|Life of Anthony] (82-30 BCE) [At MIT]**
 * Augustus
 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|Selections from- Letters on the Rise of Augustus] [At Saskatchewan]**


 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|The End of the Republic] [This Site]**


 * **Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): [|Acts of the Divine Augustus] (//Res Gestae Divi Augusti//) [At MIT]**


 * **Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): [|Res Gestae] [In Latin][At CSUN]**


 * **Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): [|Selections from th-ts of the Divine Augustus] (//Res Gestae Divi Augusti//) [At Saskatchewan]**


 * **Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): [|//Res Gestae Divi Augusti//], c. 14 CE, long excerpts, in English. [At this Site]**


 * **Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): [|Select Testimonia]- [At Saskatchewan]**

>> Horace (65-8 BCE): //Secular hymn//, and Vergil (70-19 BCE): //Aeneid//, VI.ii.789-800, 847-853.**
 * **[|Augustan Encomiums], c. 31 BCE - 14 CE [At this Site]


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|Life of Augustus] (outline)(63 BCE-14 CE) [At CSUN]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum-Augustus], written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation, [At this Site]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|Life of Augustus], complete, Worthington translation, [At this Site]**


 * **Nicolaus of Damascus (1st Cent CE): [|Life of Augustus] (63 BCE-14 CE)[At CSUN]**


 * **Claudius Claudian: [|Panegyricus de Sexto Consulatu Honorii Augusti]. In Latin [At Upenn]**
 * **[|Augustus' Legislation] [At CSUN]**


 * **Velleius Paterculus (c.19 BCE-after 30 CE: [|The Battle of Teutoburg Forest], 9 CE [At Hillsdale]**


 * Chart: **[|Roman Government Under Augustus] [GIF File][At this Site]**


 * 2ND **Nina C. Coppolino: [|Au-us] [At Roman Emperors]**


 * 2ND **[|Sources on Augustus] [Modern Account][At Internet Archive, from Reed]**

>
 * WEB **[|Mausoleum of Augustus Texts] [At CSUN]**


 * The Julio-Claudian Dynasty 14-68 CE
 * **Suetonius: [|De Vita Caesarum: Tiberius], written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation, [At this Site]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum: Caius Caligula] (The Lives of the Caesars: Caius Caligula), written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|Life of Claudius], complete, Worthington translation, [At this Site]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum: Claudius] (The Lives of the Caesars: Claudius), written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]**


 * **[|Proclamation of Nero's Succession] Nov 17, 54 CE [in Greek and Engli-At Hanson's website]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum: Nero], written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|Life of Nero], complete. in Latin [At - Freenfo]**


 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|Murder of Agrippina] (Book XIV, 1-16) [At Heliogabby)**


 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|The Fire of Rome] 64 CE [At Eyewi-s to History]**


 * **Dio Cassius (c.155-235 CE): [|Nero and the Great Fire of Rome], 64 CE, from //Roman History//, 62.16-18 [At this Site]**


 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|Annals: Book I] 64 CE [At Calgary]**

>
 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|Annals and Histories], Full texts&nbs-At M Univ]**


 * 69 CE: Year of Three Emperors
 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum: Galba], written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum: Otho], written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum: Vitellius], written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]**

>> Chap. 13: The Gormandizing of the Emperor Vitellius.[At this Site]** >
 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|Life of Vitellius] (b. 15 - r. 69 -d.69 CE)


 * The Flavian Emperors 69-96 CE
 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|The Legions Proclaim Vespasian Emperor, 69 CE] [This Site]**


 * **[|Lex De Imperio Vespasiani] "The Law-cerning the power of Vespasian" [document designation: ILS 244] 69/70 CE [At Internet Archive, from Iowa State]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum: Vespasian], written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum: Titus], written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|De Vita Caesarum: Domitian], written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]**


 * **Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): [|Life of Domitian] (b. 51 - r. 81 - d. 96 CE) Chap. IV: How Domitian Attempted to Amuse the Roman Populace. [At this Site]**


 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|Life of Cnaeus Julius Agricola] (40-93 CE), c.98 CE, trans. J. Church and W. J. Brodribb. [At this Site]**

>> Contains a famous speech condemning imperialism by Calgacus.** >
 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|The Life of Gnaeus Julius Agricola] (4- CE) [At UNRV]


 * The Adoptive Emperors 96-192 CE
 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|The Principle of Adoption] [At this Site]**


 * **Aurelius Victor, [|Liber de Caesaribus 13: Trajan] [In Latin][At CSUN]**

>> Selected letters: General (110 letters), and Correspondence with the Emperor Trajan (122 letters).**
 * **Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE): [|Selected Letters], c 100 CE (Harvard Classics series)[At this Site]


 * **Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE) and Trajan (r.98-117 CE): [|Letters], Book X. 25ff : The Correspondence of a Provincial Governor and the Emperor Trajan, c. 112 CE [At this Site]**


 * **Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE): [|The Letters of Pliny the Consul. With Occasional Remarks]., Vol.2, (Tenth Edition), William Melmoth, London (1805) [lightly emended] Book 10 [At Princeton]**


 * **Aelius Spartianus: [|Life of Hadrian], (r. 117-138 CE.), excerpts. [At this Site]**


 * **Aelius Spartianus: [|Life of Hadrian], (r. 117-138 CE.), complete. [At this Site]**


 * **Marcus Aurelius (b.121- r.161-d.180): [|The Character of Antoninus Pius] (b.86-r.138-d.161 CE), from //Meditations// I.16: [At this Site]**


 * **Julius Capitolinus: [|The Life of Antoninus Pius] [At this Site]**

> [|Back to Index] 
 * **Eutropius (4th Cent CE): [|The Reign of Marcus Aurelius], 161-180 CE, from //Compendium of Roman History//, 8:.12-14 [At this Site]**
 * **See the [|Legal Texts] page**


 * WEB **See the** Medieval Sourcebook**: [|Medieval Legal History], for texts on late Roman law and the //Corpus Juris Civilis//.**

[|Back to Index] 
 * 2ND **Edward Gibbon: [|The Idea of Roman Jurisprudence] [At this Site]**
 * **Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): [|The Roman Way of Declaring War], c. 650 BCE, from //History of Rome// I.34 [At this Site]**


 * **[|Valerius Maximus and Livy on Roman Soldiers] [At CSUN]**


 * **Josephus (37- after 93 CE): [|The Roman Army in the First Century CE], from //The Jewish War//, [This Site]**


 * **Josephus (37- after 93 CE): [|An Imperial Triumph, 71 CE], from //The Jewish War//, [This Site]**


 * **[|Letters Written by Roman Soldiers], 2 CE [At CSUN[**


 * **[|Roman Soldier's Enlistment], Egypt, 51 CE [At CSUN]**

> The only Roman military tract to survive, and the most influential military text in the western world until the 19th century. Probably addressed to Theodosius the Great. See also this useful [|bibliography] [At ibiblio]** 2ND **[|Army Bibliography] [At CSUN]**
 * **Vegetius (4th Cent CE): [|Epitoma Rei Militari], Book I:11-20-sp; c. 371-392 CE, [At Armentarium]
 * **WEB** [|Armentarium: Roman Arms and Armour] [-ite]

[|Back to Index]

 > The entire text, with maps, is being put up on the web.
 * Claudius Ptolemy (C.127-148 CE) : [|The Geography] [A-cus Curtius/Chicago]

>> from //Geography//, 5.3i [At this Site]
 * **Rome: As Imperial Capital**
 * Strabo (64/3 BCE- c.21 CE): [|The Grandeur of Rome], c. 20 CE

>> from //Natural History// [At this Site] >> A collation of NH III.v.66-67, NH XXXVI.xxiv.101-110, and NH XXXVI.xxiv.121-123
 * Pliny the Elder (23/4-79 CE): [|The Grandeur of Rome], c. 75 CE


 * Juvenal (c.55-c.130 CE): [|Satire 3: On the City of Rome] [At WSU]

>> A much longer selection than at WSU. Compare Samuel Johnson (1709-1784): [|London] [At Rutgers]
 * Juvenal (c.55-c.130 CE): [|Satire 3: On the City of Rome] [This Site]


 * Martial (40-103/4 CE): [|I-rants in Rome], //Epigrams//, IX.3 [At this Site]

>
 * ** WEB ** [|Rome: City of Empire] [Website-Brooklyn College]

>> A speech by the emperor Claudius.
 * **The Empire as a Unity**
 * Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|Admitting Provincials to the Senate], 48 CE [At this Site]

>> Same speech as above, but based on a surviving inscription., >
 * Claudius (b. 10 BCE, r. 41 CE - d.54 CE).: [|A Discourse in the Senate], c. 48 CE [At this Site]

>> From Herodotus, Strabo, Dio Cassius, the King of Axum, and and Procopius of Caesarea.
 * **Africa**
 * [|Accounts of Meröe, Kush, and Axum], c. 430 BCE - 550 CE [At this Site]


 * Herodotus (c.490-c.425 BCE): [|On Libya], from The Histories, c. 430 BCE [At this Site]

>> From Herodotus, Strabo, and Procopius of Caesarea >
 * [|Accounts of Ancient Mauretania], c. 430 BCE- 550 CE [At this Site]


 * **Egypt**
 * [|Egypt under the Roman Empire], excerpts from Strabo (64/3 BC- c.21 CE): //Geography// and Oxyrhynchus papyri. [At This Site]

>> This link contains those regulations (out of 115) pertaining to women and marriage. The document as a whole shows the Roman exploitation of Egypt.
 * [|Rules for Administering the "Special Account" of Egypt], c. 150/161 CE,-rlin pap. 1210] [At Diotima]


 * Emperor Claudius (10 BCE-54 CE): [|Letter to the Alexandrians] [BM Pap. 1912/Select Papyri 212][At CSUN]


 * [|The Family Letters of Pansikos] late 3rd/early 4th Cent. Egypt [At U Mich]


 * ** WEB ** [|Egypt Under Roman Rule] [At House of Ptolemy]


 * ** WEB ** [|Religion and Death in Roman Egypt] [Website-Michigan]

>
 * ** WEB ** [|Karanis: An Egyptian Town in Roman Times] [Website-Michigan]

>> Includes //Antiquities-the Jews//, //The Jewish War// and //Against Apion//
 * **Syria/Judea**
 * Josephus (37- after 93 CE): [|Complete Works] [At CCEL]


 * Josephus (37- after 93 CE): [|Siege and Fall of Jerusalem] 70CE [//Jewish War// 6:8][At PBS]


 * Josephus (37- after 93 CE): [|Masada] [//Jewish War// 7:9][At PBS]

>> Texts from Josephus, Augustus, Claudius, Strabo and Tacitus.
 * [|Roman Sources on the Jews and Judaism], 1 BCE-110 CE [This Site]

-
 * [|Roman Governors of Judea] [At Internet Archive, from Trinity]
 * [|Documents on Jews and Judaism in the Greco-Roman Diaspora] [At UPenn]


 * **2ND** [|R-and the Jews] and [|Part II] [Reed College][Modern Account]

> -i>**Asia**
 * [|Arch of Titus] [Image - Showing Destruction of Jerusalem][At Bluffton]
 * [|Corbulo and the Parthian War] 58-66 CE [At CSUN]

>> Accounts from Herodotus: [|The Histories], c. 430 BCE; Strabo (64/3 BC- c.21 CE): [|Geography]; c. 22 CE, Dio Cassius (c.155-235 CE): [|History of Rome], c. 220 CE; Ammianus Marcellinus: [|The Roman History], c. 380 CE; Procopius of Caesarea: [|History of the Wars], c. 550 CE [At this Site]
 * [|Ancient Accounts of Arabia]:

>> Ruled by the Queen of the East, Zenobia. See also [|Latin text] [At Latin Library]
 * Vopiscus: [|Aurelian's Conquest of Palmyra], 273 CE [At this Site]


 * **Asia Minor**
 * Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE) and Trajan (r.98-117 CE): [|Letters], Book X. 25ff : The Correspondence of a Provincial Governor and the Emperor Trajan, c. 112 CE [At this Site]


 * * **Europe**
 * Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): [|The Germans], c. 51 BCE [At this Site]


 * Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): [|On the Germans], 53 BCE [At Intern-rchive, from Princeton]


 * Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|Germania]. trans. J. Church and W. J. Brodribb.[At Medieval Sourcebook]


 * Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|Germania], trans. Thomas Gordon, full text, Also available in [|Latin]. [At Medieval Sourcebook]


 * Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|Germania], shorter excerpts. [At Medieval Sourcebook]


 * Salvian (c.400- after 470 CE]: [|The Burden of Taxation], [c.440 CE] [At Medieval Scourcebook]

> -
 * Sidonius Apollinaris [c.431-c.489 CE]: [|"Country House Life in Gaul" and "A Visigothic King"], [At Medieval Sourcebook]


 * **Britain**
 * [|Roman Governors of Britain] [At Roman Britain]


 * Galgacus: [|On Roman Imperialism], From Tacitus, [At this Site]
 * ** WEB ** [|Roman Britain] [At Athenapub]


 * ** WEB ** [|Roman Bath] [At Internet Archi-from WCSLC]

>
 * ** WEB ** [|Hadrian's Wall] [At I-net Archive, from WLSLC]

[|Back to Index]


 * [|Table Showing Debasement of Coinage after Nero] [At Exeter]

[|History of the Emperors], Boo II.6ff: "How Didius Julianus Bought the Empire at Auction", 193 CE [At this Site]
 * Map: [|Origin Cities of Roman Emperors] [At Internet Archive, from Oregon]
 * Aelius Spartianus (dates?): [|Life of Caracalla] (r.211-217 CE-t Heliogabby]

>>> Both lives above are part of the //Historia Augusta//, prob. 4th Cent CE.
 * **Elagabulus (r.218-222 CE)**
 * Aelius Lampridius (dates?): [|Life of Heligabulus] and in [|Latin] (r.218-222 CE)[At Heliogabby][Full Text]


 * Dio Cassius (c.155-235 CE): [|Book LXXX] [At Heliogabby]

>>
 * Herodian (early 3rd Cent. BCE): [|History of the Empire from the Time of Marcus Aurelius], Book 5, [At Heliogabby]


 * Petition to the Emperor Philip: [|On Official & Military Extortion], 246 CE [At this Site]


 * Vopiscus: [|Aurelian's Conquest of Palmyra] (r.270-275 CE), 273 CE [At this Site]


 * Jordanes (fl.c.550 CE): [|History of the Goths] Chap. 20: The Devastation of the Goths in the Reign of Gallienus, 260-268 CE [At this Site]

[|Back to Index]


 * ** WEB ** [|Tools of the Trade for the Study of Roman Literature], by Lowell Edmunds and Shirley Werner [At Rutgers]


 * Plautus (d.184 BCE): [|The Brothers Menaechmus] [At Internet Archive, from Rho-


 * Plautus (d.184 BCE): [|Aulularia] [At Forum Romanorum] or in [|Latin] [At the Latin Library]


 * [|Roman Poetry Selections] (Catullus [c.84-c.54 BCE], Horace [65-8 BCE], Martial [40-103/4 CE]) [At Then Again].


 * Lucretius (9-55 BCE): [|The Nature of Things] [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]

- >>> See <-ng>2ND **[|Study Guide] [At Internet Archive, from Brooklyn College]**
 * Catullus (c.84-c.54 BCE): [|Poems] [At Saskatchewan]
 * **Virgil** (70-19 BCE)
 * Virgil (70-19 BCE): [|The Aeneid], Dryden translation, [At MIT][Full Text][Chapter files]


 * **Aelius Donatus (fl. 350 CE):-href="http://www.virgil.org/vitae/a-donatus.htm">Life of Virgil, tr. David Wilson-Okamura [At Virgil.org]**


 * WEB **[|Virgil.org] [Website]**

>>> With links to all texts in both Latin and English.** >>
 * WEB **[|Virgil Home Page] [Website]

>> Horace (65-8 BCE): //Secular hymn//, and Vergil (70-19 BCE): //Aeneid//, VI.ii.789-800, 847-853.**
 * **[|Augustan Encomiums], c. 31 BCE - 14 CE [At this Site]


 * **Horace (65-8 BCE): [|We All Must Die] [At WSU]**

>> Th-ly surviving Roman female poet.** >>> [Note that most modern teachers would use the Arrowsmith translation (New American Library) which is considered to be very good.]**
 * **Sulpicia (Late 1st Cent. CE): [|Poems] [At Diotima] or in [|Latin] [At Latin Library]
 * **Petronius Arbiter (c.27-66 CE): //Satyricon// c.61 CE** **-**
 * **[|The Satyricon], translated by Alfred R. Allinson, 1930. [English translation linked to Latin text][At Sacred Text Archive] Also in [|Latin] [At Latin Library].


 * **[|The Banquet of Trimalchio] from the //Satyricon// [At this Site]**

>>> excerpt from the //Satyricon//. Has annoyi-TML markup!** >>
 * **[|Trimalchio's Feast] [At Internet Archive, from Colorado]
 * **[|Trimalchio on Astrology]**
 * **[|**2ND**] [|The Satyricon of Petronius] [At Southwestern][Modern Account]**


 * **Juvenal and Persius: [|Satires: Introduction] [At this Site]**

>>
 * **Persius (34-63 CE): //Satires//**
 * **//the complete Latin/English text is in preparation for this site.//**


 * **Juvenal (c. 55/60-127 CE): //Satires//**
 * Juvenal**: [|Satire 1 Latin] | [|Satire 1 English] | [|Satire 1 English/Latin]**


 * Juvenal**: [|Satire 2 Latin] | [|Satire 2 English] | [|Satire 2 English/Latin]**


 * Juvenal**: [|Satire 3 Latin] | [|Satire 3 English] | [|Satire 3 English/Latin]**


 * **//The rest of the Latin/English text is in preparation for this site.//**


 * **[|Satires] 1,2,3,8,9, trans. N. Rudd, [At Princeton]**

>>
 * **Juvenal: [|Satire 6] [On Women][At this Site]**


 * **Avianus (fl. c. 400 CE): [|Fabulae] in Latin [At UPenn]**

>> Said by the //Oxford Classical Dictionary//2 to be "uniformly obscene".**
 * **[|Priapea] (collected 5th Cent CE) in Latin [At IPA]


 * **Rutilius Numantius: [|On His Return, I.xi.47], The Greatness of Rome in the Days of Ruin, 413CE [At this Site]**


 * **Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE): [|Letters, II.14: The Decline of Oratory] [At this Site]**

>> Rates levels of literary activity from 100 BCE to 1400CE.**
 * **Jay Treat: [|Latin and Greek Literary Activity] [At UPenn][Chart]

>> Has many of the texts here available in original Latin.**
 * WEB **[|Latin Library]


 * [|Back to Index]**

 >> Contains [|The Roman Gazetteer], the [|Roman Atlas], an [|Index of Latin Inscriptions], and more. Hundreds of Pictures of sites, items, maps, and inscriptions.**
 * WEB **[|Roman Art and Architecture Images] [At UCCS]**
 * WEB **[|LacusCurtius: Into the Roman World] [At Kansas]


 * WEB **[|Maecenas:Images of Greek and Rome] [At Buffalo]**


 * WEB **[|Roman Image Index] [At EAWC]**
 * [|Back to Index]**


 * **Pl-the Elder (23/4-79 CE): [|Natural History] in Latin [At Lacus Curtius][Full Text]**

>> By Cicero's son.**
 * **[|Letter Home of a Roman "University-t; Student], 44 BCE [At this Site]

>> Texts from Horace: //Satires//, I.6.xi.70-90; Pliny the Younger: //Letters//, IV.13; and Martial: //Epigrams//, X.62**
 * **[|Roman Educational Practices], [At this Site]

>> On the problem of having too many books.**
 * **Seneca (b.4 BC/1 CE-d. 65 CE): [|On Tranquillity of Mind 9.4ff] and in [|Latin] [At UPenn]


 * **Julius Victor (4th Cent CE): [|On Letter Writing], in Latin [At UPenn]**


 * **Quintilian (b.30/35-c.100 CE): [|The Ideal Education], The Institutes, Book 1: 1-26, c. 90 CE [At this Site]**


 * **Quintilian (b.30/35-c.100 CE): [|Institutes of Oratory], c.96 CE. [At Iowa State]**


 * WEB **[|The Quintilian Page] [At MSU]**


 * **Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): [|The Training of Children], c. 1-E [At this Site]**


 * **Donatus: [|De barbarismo], with trans. by Jim Marchand [At U Penn]**


 * WEB **[|Images of Orality and Literacy in Greek Iconography of the Fifth, Fourth and Third Centuries BCE], ed. Andrew Weisner [At U Penn]**


 * WEB **[|Levels of Greek and Latin Literary Activity] [At U Penn]**


 * WEB **[|Manuscript Images: Technology of the Word in the Middle Ages], ed. James O'Donnel [At U Penn]**
 * [|Back to Index]**


 * Life of the Upper Classes
 * **[|The Manner of Roman Charity] [At this Site]**

>>> An inscription, incl-g a photo, transcription, translation and brief commentary, of another typical witness to Roman euergetism.**
 * **[|Practical Public Beneficence] [At LacusCurtius]


 * **Pliny the Elder (23/4-79 CE): [|Natural History, XXXIII.6: Luxury in the Use of Rings] [At this Site]**


 * **Pliny the Elder (23/4-79 CE): [|Natural History, XXXIII.47: A Wealthy Roman's Fortune] [At this Site]**


 * **Statius (45-96 CE): [|//Silvae//, II.2 A Roman Seaside Villa] [At this Site][added 7/2/98 to [|Rome] page]**

>>
 * **Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE): [|Letters, III.1: The Life of a Refined Roman Gentleman] [At this Site]**

>>
 * Trade
 * WEB **[|The Eastern Port of Kenchreai] [At Internet Archive, from Mt. Holyoke]**
 * Counting
 * **[|Roman Art of Counting] [At Internet Archive, from Forum Romanorum][Modern Account]**
 * **[|Roman Art of Counting] [At Internet Archive, from Forum Romanorum][Modern Account]**

>>> Presents an onscreen calculater which does its work in Roman numerals.** >>
 * WEB **[Website]
 * [|Back to Index]**


 * **[|Slavery in the Roman Republic], excerpts from Plautus, //Pseudolus//, Act. I, Sc. 2; Cato the Elder, //Agriculture//, chs. 56-59; Plautus, //Menaechmi//, Act V, Sc. 4.; and Plutarch, //Life of Crassus//, viii-xi (on the Spartacus revolt). [At this Site]**

>> A.** Sicily 136-132 BCE **- Diodorus Siculus (wrote 60-30 BCE), //Bibliotheke// Books 34/35. 2. 1-48; Strabo (64/3 BC- c.21 CE), //Geography// Book 6. 2. 6-7; Florus, //Epitome of Roman History// 2. 7. 1-8; Orosius, //Histories// Book 5. 6 >> B.** Sicily 104-1**00 BCE - Diodorus Siculus (wrote 60-30 BCE), //Bibliotheke// Book 36. 1-11; Florus, //Epitome// 2. 7. 9-12; Dio Cassius (c.155-235 CE), //Roman History// Book 27 fragment 101; >> C.** The War with Spartacus 73-71 CE **- Plutarch, //Crassus// 8-11; Florus, //Epitome// 2. 8. 20; Appian, //The Civil Wars// 1. 111-121; Orosius, //Histories// 5. 24. 1-8**
 * **[|Texts on Three Slave Revolts]

>> On the murder of a slave-owner by his slave, possibly because of e-c jealously. The senate addresses whether all the slaves in the house should be killed.**
 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|The Murder of Pedanius Secundus] (//Annals// 14) [At Michigan]

**-**
 * 2ND **John Madden, [|Slavery in the Roman Empire Numbers and Origins] [At Internet Archive, from Classics Ireland][Modern Account]**
 * [|Back to Index]**


 * Food
 * **Macrobius: [|//Saturnalia Convivia//, III.13: The Bill of Fare of a Great Roman Banquet], 63 BCE [At this Site]**


 * **Petronius Arbiter (c.27-66 CE): [|The Banquet of Trimalchio] from the //Satyricon// [At this Site]**


 * **Apicius (proverbial gourmet): [|De Re Coquinaria] (4th Cent CE). Ancient Roman Recipes [At CMU]**

>>> A Roman pig sees its doom.** >>
 * **[|Testamentum porcelli] [At U Penn]

>>
 * Sport and Games
 * **Seneca (b.4 BC/1 CE-d. 65 CE): [|Epistles 7: The Gladiatorial Games] [At this Site]**

>> >> Quite extensive, and well illustrated.** >
 * Names
 * **[|Roman Names] [At Gaming Geeks]**
 * Technology
 * WEB **[|Ancient Roman Technology] [At UNC-CH]


 * Pompeii
 * **Pliny the Elder (23/4-79 CE): The Eruption of Vesuvius: [|Letter 6:16] (or in [|Latin]) and [|Letter 6:20] [At Amherst]**


 * **[|Inscriptions from Pompeii] [At this Site]**


 * WEB **[|Ancient Source Texts on Pompeii] [At Amherst]**

>> With images, and texts/translations of inscriptions.** >
 * WEB **[|Pompeii and Herculaneum] [Online Course-Amherst]

**[|Bac- Index]**




 * See information on the Olympian Religion under** //Greek Religion// **on** [|Greece]**. For the Roman** //Mystery Religions//**, see under** [|Late Antiquity]**.**


 * **Numa (c.715-673 BCE): [|The Institutions of Roman Religion], 7th Cent. BCE, from Plutarch, //Life of Numa//, [At this Site]**

>> Collected accounts from Cato, Cicero, Livy and Plutarch.**
 * **[|Accounts of Roman State Religion], c. 200 BCE- 250CE [At this Site]


 * **[|Roman Religious Toleration: The Senatus Consultum de Bacchanalibus], 186 BCE, from Livy, //History of Rome//, Book XXXIX [At this Site]**

>> Different reactions to different foreign religions - the cults of Magna Mater, Dionysius, and Christianity.**
 * **[|Roman //Religiones Licitae and Illicitae//], c. 204 BCE - 112 CE [At this Site]


 * **[|Expiation of an Umbrian Town: Archaic Roman Sacrifice] [At enteract.com]**


 * **[|An Offering for Jupiter before the Sowing] Cato, //On Agriculture// 132, 160 BCE [At enteract.com]**


 * **[|A Roman Harvest Sacrifice], from Cato, //On Agriculture// 134, 160 BCE [At enteract.com]**


 * **[|The Flamen Dialis and his Wife] [At enteract.com]**


 * **[|Devotio: The Sacrificial Death of Decius], Livy, //History of Rome// VIII, 9, 1-11; 10, 3) [At enteract.com]**


 * **[|The Prayer of Scipio Africanus Livy], //History of Rome// XXIX, 27, 1-4, 204 BCE [At enteract.com]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|A Roman View of the Afterlife: The Dream of Scipio], //On the Republic// VI, 14-26) [At enteract.com]**


 * **Cicero (105-43 BCE): [|On the Republic: Scipio's Dream], excerpts from Book VI, [At this Site]**


 * **Halicarnassus Inscription (after 2 BCE) [|Augustus: Father of His Own Fatherland] [At enteract.com]**


 * **Lucius Apuleius (c.123-c.170 CE): [|Personal Piety in Rome: Second Century CE] //Apologia// 55-6 [At enteract.com]**


 * **Persius Flaccus (34-63 CE): [|Satire II], c. 60 CE [This Site]**


 * **Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|Rebuilding the Temple of Jupiter], 70 CE [This Site]**

>> Festivals, temples, expectations.**
 * **[|Accounts of Personal Religion], c. 430 BCE - 300 CE [At this Site]


 * WEB **[|List of all the Roman Gods] [Website]**
 * [|Back to Index]**

>>> Sheer misogyny. ** >>> More misogyny. ** >> >>> On the murder of a slave-owner by his slave, possibly because of erotic jealously. The - senate addresses whether all the slaves in the house should be killed. >>   [|Back to Index]  Lord Acton: [|The History of Freedom in Antiquity] [At Acton.org] [|Back to Index] **NOTES:** Dates of accession of material added since July 1998- be seen in the [|**New Additions**] page. The date of inception was 4/8/1998. Links to files at other site are indicated by [**At some indication of the site name or location**]. Locally available texts are marked by [At this Site]. **WEB** indicates a link to one of small number of high quality web sites which provide either more texts or an especially valuable overview. [hits since April 8, 1998] LE FastCounter **The //Internet Ancient History Sourcebook// is part of the [|Internet History Sourcebooks Project]** || [|Main Page] || Site Design: Paul Halsall ||
 * <-> **
 * Women
 * WEB **[|Diotima]**
 * ** Juvenal (c.55-c.130 CE): [|Satire 2], excerpts, [At D-ma]
 * ** Juvenal (c.55-c.130 CE): [|Satire 6], long excerpts, [At this -e]
 * ** Juvenal (c.55-c.130 CE): [|Satire 6] [On Women], complete, [At this Site] **
 * ** <-updated-3/2007 --> ** WEB **[|Women in Antiquity] [At Cornell]**
 * Homosexuality
 * People with a History: Rome
 * **Juvenal**: [|Satire 2 Latin] | [|Satire 2 English] | [|Satire 2 English/Latin]
 * Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): [|The Murder of Pedanius Secundus] (//Annals// 14)[At Michigan]

© created 1998: last revised 3/5/200